By: Hon Chief Ezechukwu N Obonna

Diazepam: A Controlled Medication with High Abuse Potential

By: Hon Chief Ezechukwu N Obonna
Special Adviser On Narcotics And Illicit Drugs Monitoring (IMSG)

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine medication used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms. It’s a central nervous system depressant that works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that regulates sleep, relaxation, and anxiety.

Diazepam is not typically classified as a narcotic, although it’s often mistakenly referred to as one. Diazepam is actually a class of sedatives that work on the central nervous system to produce a calming effect. While it can be addictive and have abuse potential, it’s not an opioid and doesn’t fit the traditional definition of a narcotic.

Medical Uses

1. Anxiety disorders: Diazepam is prescribed for short-term relief of acute anxiety and panic attacks.
2. Insomnia: It’s used to treat sleep disturbances and insomnia.
3. Seizures: Diazepam is used to control seizures and status epilepticus.
4. Muscle spasms: It’s prescribed for muscle relaxation and relief from muscle spasms.

Controlled Medication

Diazepam is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance due to its high potential for abuse and dependence. Prolonged use can lead to physical dependence and addiction.

Restrictions on Dispensing

Patent medicine dealers are restricted from dispensing Diazepam due to its abuse potential. In Nigeria, it’s only available by prescription, and pharmacists are required to verify prescriptions before dispensing.

Youth Abuse

Diazepam is often abused by youths for its sedative and anxiolytic effects. It’s used recreationally to:

1. Get “high” or relaxed
2. Enhance the effects of other substances
3. Self-medicate for anxiety or stress

Abuse can lead to dependence, addiction, and increased risk of overdose, especially when combined with other substances.

Risks and Consequences

1. Dependence and addiction
2. Withdrawal symptoms (anxiety, insomnia, seizures)
3. Cognitive impairment
4. Increased risk of accidents and injuries
5. Overdose and respiratory depression

Diazepam is a valuable medication for treating anxiety and other conditions, but its abuse potential requires strict controls. Patent medicine dealers are restricted from dispensing it to prevent misuse. Youths must be educated about the risks of abusing Diazepam and other controlled substances.

Recommendations

1. Strict prescription monitoring.
2. Education on safe use and risks
3. Alternative treatments for anxiety and insomnia
4. Support for individuals struggling with addiction

By understanding the risks and benefits of Diazepam, we can promote safe use and prevent abuse.

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